Historical Updates¶

Introduction¶

This page provides an overview of historical updates made on Moonbeam and Moonriver, such as bug fixes to the Moonbeam source code and data migrations applied.

The objective of this page is to provide information around unexpected behaviors or data inconsistencies that are associated with updates which needed forced data migrations.

Bug Fixes¶

Invalid Transactions Stored¶

For invalid transactions where the transaction cost couldn't be paid, the EVM pallet was inserting the transaction metadata into storage instead of discarding it because there was no transaction cost validation. As a result, the runtime storage was unnecessarily bloated with invalid transaction data.

This bug only impacted Moonriver and Moonbase Alpha and existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonriver	RT49	RT600	0 - 455106
Moonbase Alpha	RT40	RT600	0 - 675175

For more information, you can review the relative Frontier PR on GitHub.

Ethereum Fees Weren't Sent to Treasury¶

The fee model on Moonbeam for transactions have 20% of the fees go to the on-chain treasury and 80% burned as a deflationary force. Prior to runtime 800, Ethereum transactions did not result in 20% of the transaction fees going to the on-chain Treasury.

This bug only impacted Moonriver and Moonbase Alpha and existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonriver	RT49	RT800	0 - 684728
Moonbase Alpha	RT40	RT800	0 - 915684

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Missing Refunds¶

Moonbeam is configured so that the existential deposit is set to 0, which means that accounts do not need to have a minimum balance to be considered active. For Substrate-based chains that have this configuration, there were some missing refunds to a zeroed account because the account was interpreted to not exist.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT900	RT1001	0 - 5164
Moonriver	RT49	RT1001	0 - 1052241
Moonbase Alpha	RT40	RT1001	0 - 1285915

For more information, you can review the relative Frontier PR and the associated Substrate PR on GitHub.

Incorrect Collator Selection¶

The total delegations for collator candidates were not correctly updated when a delegation was increased via the delegatorBondMore extrinsic. This led to issues where the increased delegation amount wasn't included in the candidates' total amount bonded, which is used to determine which candidates are in the active set of collators. As a result, some candidates may not have been selected to be in the active set when they should have been, impacting their own and their delegators' rewards.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT900	RT1300	0 - 524762
Moonriver	RT49	RT1300	0 - 1541735
Moonbase Alpha	RT40	RT1300	0 - 1761128

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

New Account Event Bug¶

The System.NewAccount event is emitted when a new account is created. However, there was a bug where this event was not emitted at the time of creation for some accounts. A hotfix was applied that patched the impacted accounts and emitted the System.NewAccount at a later time.

The hotfix was applied in the following block ranges:

Network	Block Range
Moonbeam	1041355 - 1041358 and 1100752
Moonriver	1835760 - 1835769
Moonbase Alpha	2097782 - 2097974

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT900	RT1401	0 - 915320
Moonriver	RT49	RT1401	0 - 1705939
Moonbase Alpha	RT40	RT1400	0 - 1962557

For more information, you can review the relative Frontier PR on GitHub.

Incorrect Timestamp Units¶

EIP-2612 and Ethereum blocks deal with timestamps in seconds, however the Substrate timestamp pallet that Moonbeam implements used milliseconds. This only affected the EIP-2612 implementation and not the block.timestamp value.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT900	RT1606	0 - 1326697
Moonriver	RT49	RT1605	0 - 2077598
Moonbase Alpha	RT40	RT1603	0 - 2285346

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Incorrect Delegation Reward Calculation¶

The reward payouts for all delegations and collators were underestimated whenever there were pending requests. Delegation rewards are calculated based on the amount of tokens bonded by each delegator in respect to the total stake of the given collator. By counting delegation amounts for pending requests, the rewards to collators and their delegations were less than they should have been.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT1001	RT1802	5165 - 1919457
Moonriver	RT1001	RT1801	1052242 - 2572555
Moonbase Alpha	RT1001	RT1800	1285916 - 2748785

You can review the relative PR on GitHub for more information.

Block Parent Hash Calculated Incorrectly¶

After EIP-1559 support was introduced, which included the transition to new Ethereum transaction types, the block header parent hash was calculated wrongly to H256::default.

This bug only impacted Moonbase Alpha and existed during the following runtime and block range:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	RT1201	1648994 - 1679618

For more information, you can review the relative Frontier PR on GitHub

Incorrect Handling of EIP-1559 Gas Fees¶

With the introduction of EIP-1559 support, the logic for handling maxFeePerGas and maxPriorityFeePerGas was implemented incorrectly, and as a result, the maxPriorityFeePerGas was added to the baseFee even if the total amount was over the maxFeePerGas.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT1201	RT1401	415946 - 915320
Moonriver	RT1201	RT1401	1471037 - 1705939
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	RT1400	1648994 - 1962557

For more information, you can review the relative Frontier PR.

Transaction Fees Paid to Collators¶

For blocks that included EIP-1559 transactions where a priority fee is applied, the transaction fees were incorrectly calculated and distributed to the collator of the block. The fee model on Moonbeam for transactions and smart contract execution are handled so that 20% of the fees go to the on-chain treasury and 80% are burned as a deflationary force. Due to this bug, the transaction fees of the impacted transactions were not burned as expected.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT1201	RT1504	415946 - 1117309
Moonriver	RT1201	RT1504	1471037 - 1910639
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	RT1504	1648994 - 2221772

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Incorrect State Root Hash¶

The state root hash was being calculated incorrectly for non-legacy transactions as the transaction-type byte was not taken into account. With the support of EIP-2930 and EIP-1559, the transaction types intoduced are 0x01 (1) and 0x02 (2), respectively. These transaction types were omitted from the state root hash calculation.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT1201	RT1701	415946 - 1581456
Moonriver	RT1201	RT1701	1471037 - 2281722
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	RT1700	1648994 - 2529735

For more information, you can review the relative Frontier PR and Moonbeam PR on GitHub.

Gas Limit Too High for Non-Transactional Calls¶

When a non-transactional call, such as eth_call or eth_estimateGas, is made without specifying a gas limit for a past block, the client defaults to using the gas limit multiplier (10x), which causes the gas limit validation to fail as it is validating against an upper bound of the block gas limit. So, if the gas limit is greater than the block gas limit for a given call, a gas limit too high error is returned.

This bug existed during the following runtimes and block ranges:

Network	Introduced	Fixed	Impacted Block Range
Moonbeam	RT1701	RT1802	1581457 - 1919457
Moonriver	RT1701	RT1802	2281723 - 2616189
Moonbase Alpha	RT1700	RT1802	2529736 - 2879402

You can review the relative Frontier PR on GitHub for more information.

Migrations¶

Migrations are necessary when a storage item is changed or added and needs to be populated with data. The migrations listed below have been organized by the impacted pallet(s).

Author Mapping Pallet¶

Update the Mapping Storage Item¶

This migration updated the now deprecated Mapping storage item of the author mapping pallet to use a more secure hasher type. The hasher type was updated to Blake2_128Concat instead of Twox64Concat.

This migration was only applied to Moonriver and Moonbase Alpha and was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonriver	RT800	684728
Moonbase Alpha	RT800	915684

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Add Support for VRF Keys¶

When VRF key support was introduced, the MappingWithDeposit storage item of the author mapping pallet was updated to include a keys field to support VRF keys that can be looked up via the Nimbus ID. As such, a migration was applied to update the existing storage items with this new field.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1502	1107285
Moonriver	RT1502	1814458
Moonbase Alpha	RT1502	2112058

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

One Nimbus ID per Account ID¶

A migration was applied to ensure that an account ID can have only one Nimbus ID. The migration accepted the first Nimbus ID owned by a given account and cleared any additional Nimbus IDs associated to the account. For any cleared associations, the bond for the association was returned.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1606	1326697
Moonriver	RT1605	2077599
Moonbase Alpha	RT1603	2285347

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Base Fee Pallet¶

Set Elasticity Storage Item Value¶

This migration sets the Elasticity storage item of the base fee pallet to zero, which results in a constant BaseFeePerGas.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1300	524762
Moonriver	RT1300	1541735
Moonbase Alpha	RT1300	1761128

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Democracy Pallet¶

Preimage Storage Moved to New Preimage Pallet¶

There was a migration applied which moved preimages stored in the democracy pallet to a new preimage pallet. This migration on Moonbeam was required as a result of an upstream change to Polkadot.

There was one preimage that was affected in Moonbeam, which was dropped from the scheduler queue and never executed: 0x14262a42aa6ccb3cae0a169b939ca5b185bc317bb7c449ca1741a0600008d306. This preimage was manually removed by the account that initially submitted the preimage.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT2000	3310369
Moonriver	RT2000	3202604
Moonbase Alpha	RT2000	2673234

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Parachain Staking Pallet¶

Update Collator State Storage Item¶

A migration was applied that updated the Collator storage item of the parachain staking pallet to the new Collator2 storage item. This change updates the collator state to include the following items:

The nominators set is a list of all of the nominator (delegator) account IDs, without their respective balance bonded
A new top_nominators storage item which returns a list of all of the top nominators ordered by greatest bond amount to least
A new bottom_nominators storage item which returns a list of all of the bottom nominators ordered by least bond amount to greatest
The total storage item was replaced with total_counted and total_backing. The total_counted item returns the sum of the top nominations and the collator's self bond, whereas the total_backing item returns the sum of all of the nominations and the collator's self bond

This migration was only applied to Moonriver and Moonbase Alpha and was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonriver	RT53	9696
Moonbase Alpha	RT52	238827

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Patch Total Staked Amount¶

There was a migration appled to the total staked amount of the CollatorState storage item in the parachain staking pallet due to a potential bug that may have led to an incorrect amount.

This migration was only applied to Moonriver and Moonbase Alpha and was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonriver	RT53	9696
Moonbase Alpha	RT52	238827

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Support Delayed Nominator (Delegator) Exits¶

The exit queue for handling candidate exits had been updated to include support for delayed nominator (delegator) exits and revocations, which required a migration to update the ExitQueue parachain staking pallet storage item to ExitQueue2. The NominatorState storage item was also migrated to NominatorState2 to prevent a nominator from performing more nominations when they already have scheduled an exit.

These migrations were only applied to Moonriver and Moonbase Alpha and were executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonriver	RT200	259002
Moonbase Alpha	RT200	457614

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Purge Staking Storage Bloat¶

A migration was applied to purge staking storage bloat for the Points and AtStake storage items of the parachain staking pallet that are older than two rounds.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1001	5165
Moonriver	RT1001	1052242
Moonbase Alpha	RT1001	1285916

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Support Manual Exits and DPoS Terminology¶

The parachain staking pallet was updated to include manual exits. If a candidate or delegator wanted to decrease or revoke their bond, or leave the candidate or delegator pool, they would need to first schedule a request, wait for a delay period to pass, and then manually execute the request. As such, a migration was applied to replace the automatic exit queue, including the ExitQueue2 storage item, with a manual exits API.

In addition, a change was made to switch from Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS) to Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) terminology, this marked the sweeping change from "nominate" to "delegate". This required the migration of the following parachain staking pallet storage items:

CollatorState2 was migrated to CandidateState
NominatorState2 was migrated to DelegatorState

These migrations were executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1001	5165
Moonriver	RT1001	1052242
Moonbase Alpha	RT1001	1285916

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Increase Max Delegations per Candidate¶

A migration was applied to increase the maximum number of delegations per candidate in the parachain staking pallet. It increased the delegations from 100 to 500 on Moonbase Alpha and Moonriver and from 100 to 1000 on Moonbeam.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1101	171061
Moonriver	RT1101	1188000
Moonbase Alpha	RT1100	1426319

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Split Candidate Delegations into Top and Bottom¶

This migration splits the deprecated CandidateState storage item of the parachain staking pallet into the following three new storage items to avoid unnecessary storage reads:

CandidateInfo
TopDelegations
BottomDelegations

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1201	415946
Moonriver	RT1201	1471037
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	1648994

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Patch Incorrect Total Delegations¶

There was a migration applied to fix the Incorrect Collator Selection bug and patch the delegations total for all candidates.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1300	524762
Moonriver	RT1300	1541735
Moonbase Alpha	RT1300	1761128

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Split Delegator State into Delegation Scheduled Requests¶

A migration was applied that moved pending delegator requests from the DelegatorState storage item of the parachain staking pallet into a new DelegationScheduledRequests storage item.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1502	1107285
Moonriver	RT1502	1814458
Moonbase Alpha	RT1502	2112058

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Replace Staking Reserves with Locks¶

A migration was applied that changed users' staking reserved balances to locked balances. The locked balance is the same type as democracy-locked funds, making it possible for users to use their staked funds to participate in democracy.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1701	1581457
Moonriver	RT1701	2281723
Moonbase Alpha	RT1700	2529736

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Auto-Compounding Support¶

To support auto-compounding, two migrations were applied to the AtStake storage item in the parachain staking pallet:

RemovePaidRoundsFromAtStake - to remove any stale AtStake entries relating to already paid-out rounds that had candidates that didn't produce any blocks. This migration is a prerequisite for the MigrateAtStakeAutoCompound migration
MigrateAtStakeAutoCompound - migrates the snapshots for unpaid rounds for AtStake entries

These migrations were executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1901	2317683
Moonriver	RT1901	2911863
Moonbase Alpha	RT1900	3069635

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Update Transact Info Storage Item¶

There was a migration applied to the TransactInfo storage item of the XCM-transactor pallet that changed the following items:

max_weight is added to prevent transactors from stalling the queue in the destination chain
Removes fee_per_byte, metadata_size, and base_weight as these items are not necessary for XCM transactions
fee_per_second replaces fee_per_weight to better reflect cases (like Kusama) in which the fee_per_weight unit is lower than one

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1201	415946
Moonriver	RT1201	1471037
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	1648994

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Add Support for Statemine Prefix Breaking Change¶

The following three migrations were added to the asset manager pallet to avoid issues with Statemine's breaking change to the way it represents assets and possible future breaking changes:

UnitsWithAssetType - updates the AssetTypeUnitsPerSecond storage item to a mapping of the AssetType to units_per_second, instead of the mapping AssetId to units_per_second. This is done to avoid additional migrations whenever a breaking change arises
PopulateAssetTypeIdStorage - creates a new AssetTypeId storage item that holds the AssetType to AssetId mapping, which allows the decoupling of assetIds and AssetTypes
ChangeStateminePrefixes - updates already registered Statemine assets to new their new form

These migrations were executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1201	415946
Moonriver	RT1201	1471037
Moonbase Alpha	RT1200	1648994

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Add New Supported Fee Payment Assets Storage Item¶

A migration was applied to the asset manager pallet that creates a newSupportedFeePaymentAssets storage item by reading the supported asset data from the AssetTypeUnitsPerSecond storage item. This storage item will hold all of the assets that we accept for XCM fee payment. It will be read when an incoming XCM message is received, and if the asset is not in storage, the message will not be processed.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1300	524762
Moonriver	RT1300	1541735
Moonbase Alpha	RT1300	1761128

For more information, you can review the relative PR on GitHub.

Nimbus Author Filter Pallet¶

Replace Eligible Ratio with Eligible Count¶

A breaking change was applied to the Nimbus repository that deprecated EligibleRatio in favor or the EligibleCount config. As a result, a migration was applied to the Moonbeam repository that populated the new EligibleCount value as a percentage of the potential authors defined at that block height if the EligibleRatio value existed. Otherwise, the value was set to a default value of 50.

This migration was executed at the following runtimes and blocks:

Network	Executed Runtime	Block Applied
Moonbeam	RT1502	1107285
Moonriver	RT1502	1814458
Moonbase Alpha	RT1502	2112058

For more information, you can review the relative Nimbus PR and Moonbeam PR on GitHub.

Last update: March 7, 2023
| Created: January 3, 2023

Historical Updates¶

Introduction¶

Bug Fixes¶

Invalid Transactions Stored¶

Ethereum Fees Weren't Sent to Treasury¶

Missing Refunds¶

Incorrect Collator Selection¶

New Account Event Bug¶

Incorrect Timestamp Units¶

Incorrect Delegation Reward Calculation¶

Block Parent Hash Calculated Incorrectly¶

Incorrect Handling of EIP-1559 Gas Fees¶

Transaction Fees Paid to Collators¶

Incorrect State Root Hash¶

Gas Limit Too High for Non-Transactional Calls¶

Migrations¶

Author Mapping Pallet¶

Update the Mapping Storage Item¶

Add Support for VRF Keys¶

One Nimbus ID per Account ID¶

Base Fee Pallet¶

Set Elasticity Storage Item Value¶

Democracy Pallet¶

Preimage Storage Moved to New Preimage Pallet¶

Parachain Staking Pallet¶

Update Collator State Storage Item¶

Patch Total Staked Amount¶

Support Delayed Nominator (Delegator) Exits¶

Purge Staking Storage Bloat¶

Support Manual Exits and DPoS Terminology¶

Increase Max Delegations per Candidate¶

Split Candidate Delegations into Top and Bottom¶

Patch Incorrect Total Delegations¶

Split Delegator State into Delegation Scheduled Requests¶

Replace Staking Reserves with Locks¶

Auto-Compounding Support¶

XCM-Related Pallets¶

Update Transact Info Storage Item¶

Add Support for Statemine Prefix Breaking Change¶

Add New Supported Fee Payment Assets Storage Item¶

Nimbus Author Filter Pallet¶

Replace Eligible Ratio with Eligible Count¶